Interaction Parameter (); Expansion Factor (); Steric Hindrance Factor (); and Shielding Function F(); for the System PEAOrganic Solvents by Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements. The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of individual samples of dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyoxyethylene over a range of molecular weights (1,500 Hydrodynamic radii ( RH) were determined by dynamic light scattering. After 8h, the micropore became more distorted from the previous circle, suggesting that the micropores were closing. With FITC-dextran 20K, cumulative permeation in the human skin was 2.530.48M, and 3.340.19M in the pig skin, which significantly lower than FITC-dextran 4K. Cumulative amount of FITC-dextran permeated after microporation on the human and pig skin for FITC-dextran M.W.. a M.W. Carbohydr Polym. Webdextran fraction and the final product depend on changes in the hydrodynamic volume of the molecules after substitution. Viscosity of aqueous solutions of polysaccharides and hydrophobically modified polysaccharides: Application of Fedors equation. Theory, Estimation, Experiment, and Data. Small Intestinal Permeability and Gut-Transit Time Determined Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), a common phenomenon that can produce local excessive temperature, high pressure and large amount of energy. The optical image and histological analysis confirmed that the micropores on the skin were recovered over time. The effectiveness of the RF microporation technique in transdermal drug delivery of macromolecules and hydrophilic agents such as peptides, hormones, and vaccines has been demonstrated extensively in previous studies [16,17,18]. IV. J. Braz. Ultimately they concluded that the temperature increment found to be an effective force in disturbing these interactions, mainly between polymer-polymer and polymer-solvent molecules for the used system. (2007). 2015;23(3):2239. Correspondence to Ghimici, Luminita; Nichifora, Marieta; Eich, Andreas; Wolf, Bernhard A. Pore closure examination was performed using an optical microscope (BX43, Olympus, Japan) immediately (time 0), 4, 8, and 24h following device application. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Pharm Res. A solvent at this temperature is called a theta solvent [53]. The human and pig skin permeability of FITC-dextran (M.W. European Polymer Journal, 43, 1744-1753. Cell permeabilization using a non-thermal plasma - IOPscience Food Funct. In vivo iontophoretic delivery of salmon calcitonin across microporated skin. Progr. Middelkoop E, Bogaerdt AJ, Lamme EN, Hoekstra MJ, Brandsma K, Ulrich MMW. 2016;9706:97061E6. The slope is a value and intercept is equal to the ln kMH value [47]. 2014 Sep;5(9):2324-30. doi: 10.1039/c4fo00319e. Materiaux 1-5. This method utilizes promising strategies that have made a significant impact in transdermal delivery [6], they include: iontophoresis, microneedles, sonophoresis, radiofrequency (RF), and chemical enhancers [7,8,9,10,11]. Soc., 21, 1, 78-86. Karmarkar, S.; Garber, R.: Kluza, J.; Koberda, M. (2006). 2000;3(9):31826. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. The micropores were developed on pig skin and human cadaver skin with dermal and epidermal layers by the microporation device. Intrinsic viscosities of polyelectrolytes in the absence and in the presence of extra salt: Consequences of the stepwise conversion of dextran into a polycation. The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.75 (or higher) for these good solvents. Advances in Carbohydrate Analysis, 1, 63-144. hydrodynamic Pribush, A.; Zilberman-Kravits, D.; Meyerstein, N. (2007). We observe that this maximum radius is below WebDextran 40 Pharmaceutical Quality. In general, Mv is not experimentally accessible, whereas other average molecular weights are accessible. "Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. Table 2 shows that comparing the intrinsic viscosity data obtained from the Huggins method and the Solomon-Ciuta single-point method, a similar values are obtained and the %RE is lower for low Mw and it increases for higher Mw. Conducting a comparative analysis of the data shown in Table 1 can observer that parameter data Mark-Houwink a, obtained by these authors are very similar to that obtained in this work, which affirms its validity. (2006). 2016;47:15964. ; Patel, T.R. The microporation device based on radiofrequency can be used to enhance delivery efficiency by removing the epidermis layer. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 72, 871-876. Advances in Physical Chemistry, Vol. For ellipsoids, as studied by Simha, (a/b) is a function of axial ratio. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters universalized for the range of working temperatures are the following: 0.4267 for a*, and 0.1455 cm3/g for k*M-H, with 2 of 0.9399. Thus, typically, the dextran glomerular for a molecule with a Stokes-Einstein (SE) radius of 30 is approximately sevenfold higher than that of neutral horseradish The Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of Long-Chain Molecules. Characterization and Classification of Dextrans from Ninety-six Strains of Bacteria. The human skins were from the back or thigh of a 24-year-old woman. Human cadaver skin has been confirmed as alive skin tissue through analysis of its morphology and enzymes, and its usefulness as an alternative skin membrane in drug permeation experiments has been verified [20]. Keywords: FITC dextran; intestinal permeability; transit time. Arond L.H. Santoro MM, Gaudino G. Cellular and molecular facets of keratinocyte reepithelization during. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. TEWL measurements were taken 30min after microporation of the human and pig skin. DOI: 10.12691/jpbpc-1-1-3, Received September 18, 2013; Revised October 23, 2013; Accepted November 22, 2013. Masuelli, Martin Alberto (2013). The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. Degrees of long-chain branching in dextrans. Soc., 16, 3A, 426-433. Ficoll and dextran vs. globular proteins as probes for testing Bohdanecky, Miloslav (1996). However, the currently available transdermal systems are limited by low drug permeability across the skin due to the lipophilic barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost skin layer of the skin [3,4,5]; the methods favor low molecular mass, and lipophilic molecules, making it difficult to exploit the transdermal route for large and water-soluble molecules such as proteins and peptides. Harding, S. E., & Simpkin, N. J. (2008). Saudi Pharm J. Typical examples are the classical size-independent combinations like the Flory parameter, which that combine the intrinsic viscosity, [], and the gyration radius, Rg: These quantities have been proposed along the years, by different eminent scientists, after whom they are named. Stokes radius DLS tests were conducted at detection angle of 90 (standard) and 173 (backscatter) to measure protein hydrodynamic radius, while protein charge was examined in phase analysis light scattering (PALS) mode at detection angle of 15 (forward). Barrier integrity was examined using Tewameter to confirm the poration of human cadaver skin using a microporation device. 2018 Aug 9;23(8):1984. doi: 10.3390/molecules23081984. One day before the experiment, the skin was stabilized in the skin culture medium. On single point determination of intrinsic viscosity. Advances in chemistry series Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., pp. WebThe study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. Chen Rong Huei; Min Lang Tsai (1998). The solution was measured using an Anton Paar DMA35N densitometer. National Library of Medicine Indo AM J Pharm. Dynamic light scattering study confirmed the mono-disperse nature of dextran with hydrodynamic radius of 900 nm. Elias, Hans-Georg (1975). Springer Editions. Unperturbed dimensions and the theta temperature of dextran in ethylene glycol solutions. Carbohydrate Polymers 87, 405-410. Dextran The effect of branching is best recognized from the molecular weight dependencies of []. Chemical penetration enhancers for transdermal drug delivery systems. Ind. 4, 10, and 20K) was measured using the Transdermal diffusion cell system. Peptide and protein transdermal drug delivery. Journal of Polymer Science, 17, 527-546. There is a formula that used to calculate the radius (in Angstrom) from the molar mass (in g/mol) of dextran, a=0.33*(MM^0.46) where, a and MM are Epub 2012 Oct 18. The same way, many of these authors emphasize the non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran molecular weight range from 9 to 2000kDa [3,5,8,16, 37,38]. Molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and molecular size of a native dextran. Int J Pharm Investig. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters could be universalized with certain precautions, being an indication for the calculation of molecular weight in the temperature range of 20-40C. Typically, the hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles is about 100 nm and the critical micelle concentration is about 10 mg/L. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Dextran consists of -D glucose units with a majority of (16) glucosidic linkages between them. Although, in literature there is much information on hydrodynamic measurements from determinations viscosity; very few of them evaluate the situation at different temperatures. AATEX. Dextrans can function efficiently as anterograde or retrograde tracers, The fact that the intrinsic viscosity of a given polymer sample is different according to the solvent used gives and insight about the general shape of polymer molecules in solution. Eremeeva, T. E.; Bykova, T. O. Springer Nature. Nair SS. The dextran has the advantage in terms of low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and water-solubility. Gekko, K. (1971). Journal Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 97, 295-301. Ghimici, Luminita; Nichifor, Marieta; Wolf, Bernhard (2009). Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 41, 1260-1267. Determination of intrinsic viscosities of macromolecules and nanoparticles. US20230040324A1 AMINOACRIDINE AND AMINOPYRENE DYES Dextran The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.5 in poor solvents. The analysis of errors using the Solomon-Ciuta method is compared with HM [59]. Alternatively, the value of qM-H can be calculated using numerical methods and other-average molecular weights (Mn, Mw, Mz) according to where c and d are empirical polynomial functions of the exponent a. FITC-dextran molecular weights; 4, 10, and 20kDa molecular weight were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). 2019;26(1):25261. Mitragotri S. Mechanical disruption of skin barrier for vaccine delivery. Fusco V, Quero GM, Cho GS, Kabisch J, Meske D, Neve H, Bockelmann W, Franz CM. Carbohydrate Polymers 99, 199-207. ; Ortega, A.; Garcia de la Torre, J.; Harding, S.E. In summary, we demonstrated effective enhancement of skin permeability and delivery of macromolecules lower than 20KM.W., and regeneration of human cadaver skin after microporation with an RF-based microporation device. Radius 2.It can be found from the figure that at the start-up stage of the shaft, the hydrodynamic effect (HE) is weak, so the HP is not enough to support the shaft, which Molecular weight (Mv) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. Equivalent Radii and Ratios of Radii from Solution Properties as Indicators of Macromolecular Conformation, Shape, and Flexibility. The polymer molecule assumes a tighter configuration, and the solution has a lower intrinsic viscosity. Figure3 shows a magnified image of human cadaver skin with microchannels formed by the microporation device (250kHz) and the skin closure over time. RBECs were passaged onto cell culture inserts as described and cultured for a further 714 days in vitro. Principles of Size Exclusion Chromatography SEC (GFC Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), a common phenomenon that can produce local excessive temperature, high pressure and large amount of energy. Seven dextrans, provided by Sigma, with molecular weight of 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa. Typically, the hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles is about 100 nm and the critical micelle concentration is about 10 mg/L. Dilute Solution. Intrinsic viscosity of bovine serum albumin conformers. Viet, D.; Beck-Candanedo, S.; Gray D. G. (2008). Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2007). It is worth noting that the size of macromolecules is much bigger than that of solvent (water) molecules [50]. WebAccording to the above theoretical analysis for the micro-roughness contact model, the relationship between the hydrodynamic pressure (HP) and the contact pressure (CP) is shown in Fig. 4D imaging reveals mechanisms of clay-carbon protection and From Table 1, It is worth noting that the value of 2 is above 0.95, being an acceptable value for viscosimetric measurement. Sintov AC, Krymberk I, Daniel D, Hannan T, Sohn Z, Levin G. Radiofrequency-driven skin microchanneling as a new way for electrically assisted transdermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs. WebFluorescein isothiocyanatedextran average mol wt 60,000-76,000; CAS Number: 60842-46-8; Synonyms: FITCDextran; find Sigma-Aldrich-FD70S MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich As a consequence of the diversity in their origin, the set of classical universal size independent quantities suffers from shortcomings. The hydrodynamic radius is important in predicting transretinal penetration Carroll PJ. These values indicate for dextrans in dilute aqueous solution, both methods give very similar results of the intrinsic viscosity and the respective Mw. 2015;32(5):170413. The range of temperatures used was 25-50 (0.1) C and it was regulated by thermostatic bath Haake C. The viscosity measurements required Hagenbach-Couette correction time (tg 37.31s). However, when molecules deviate from globular to non-spherical or elongated structures then Rg/Rh tend to values upwards of ; Bos, G.W. where c is the solute concentration (g/cm3), [] is the intrinsic viscosity (cm3/g), and kH represents Huggins constants (cm3/g). eCollection 2015. Drug Deliv. 10% neutral buffered formalin was purchased from Hisko (Gunpo, Korea). (1937). The radius of gyration is typically calculated from static scattering measurements, while the hydro-dynamic radius (or equivalent sphere radius) is deter-mined by dynamic light scattering or other diffusion measurements. Solution properties of branched dextran. ; Yevlampieva N.P. Gillespie, T.; Hulme, M. A. Copyright 2006-2023 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved, Dextran, Tetramethylrhodamine, 2,000,000 MW, Lysine Fixable, Sulen und Kartuschen fr die Chromatographie, Kunststoffartikel und Zubehr fr das Labor, Spektroskopie, Element- und Isotopenanalyse, Alle Themen fr Hilfe und Support anzeigen, Status und Nachverfolgung von Bestellungen, Reagenzien und Kits fr die Neurowissenschaft, Discover how to track and trace cells by imaging , Hier finden Sie unsere brigen Tracking-Produkte fr Sugetier-Zellkulturen, Molecular Probes Dextran-Konjugate Tabelle14.4. Ibrahim O, Munavalli GS, Dover JS. a Immediately after microporation, b 4h, c 8h, and d 24h (n=5, *: p<0.05). The hydrodynamic 57 radius of the dextranase is 7 Effect of temperature on the intrinsic viscosity and conformation of chitosan in dilute HCl solution. The Mark-Houwink exponent bears the signature of a three-dimensional configuration of a polymer chain in the solvent environment. Epub 2017 Jun 1. Nordmeier, Eckliard (1993). NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. These structural differences can significantly affect FITC-dextran delivery due to even after microporation [30]. The correct way to interpret what Mark-Houwink parameters is determined graphically ln [] versus ln Mw, where Mw is the molecular weight provided by manufacturer, and calculate the percentage relative error (%RE) respect to Mw. Alternatives to animal testing: a review. For a sphere and a random coil 0 the values are 9.23x1023 mol-1 and 2.60x 1023mol-1, respectively. In addition, the permeation rate was higher in pig skin than in human skin. 2012;9(2):14754. Huang S, Huang G. Preparation and drug delivery of dextran-drug complex. dextran 2005;22(4):5505. Charge: Anionic. ; Rani, K.Y. Hennink, W.E. Dextran; Weissella cibaria; exopolysaccharide; prebiotic; skimmed milk.

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